What is the pathophysiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome?
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a condition that can occur when the small blood vessels in your kidneys become damaged and inflamed. This damage can cause clots to form in the vessels. The clots clog the filtering system in the kidneys and lead to kidney failure, which could be life-threatening.
What is the treatment for HUS?
HUS is generally treated with medical care in the hospital. Fluid volume management is crucial and may include: intravenous (IV) fluids. nutritional supplementation by IV or tube feeding.
Are there different types of hemolytic uremic syndrome?
HUS is classified into three primary types: (1) HUS due to infections, often associated with diarrhea (D+HUS), with the rare exception of HUS due to a severe disseminated infection caused by Streptococcus; (2) HUS related to complement abnormalities or related to factor-ADAMTS13 deficit, such HUS is also known as “ …
What is atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome aHUS?
Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome is a disease that primarily affects kidney function. This condition, which can occur at any age, causes abnormal blood clots (thrombi) to form in small blood vessels in the kidneys. These clots can cause serious medical problems if they restrict or block blood flow.
Does hemolytic-uremic syndrome cause thrombocytosis?
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive kidney failure that is associated with microangiopathic (nonimmune, Coombs-negative) hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. HUS is the most common cause of acute kidney injury in children and is increasingly recognized in adults.
How does hemolysis cause renal failure?
It is well known that acute haemolysis is a cause of acute renal failure due to tubular damage caused by pigments being deposited in the proximal tubule. Maintained haemolysis can produce chronic renal damage, caused by different mechanisms.
How do you diagnose hemolytic uremic syndrome?
To confirm a diagnosis of HUS , your doctor is likely to perform a physical exam and recommend lab tests, including:
- Blood tests. These tests can determine if your red blood cells are damaged.
- Urine test. This test can detect abnormal levels of protein, blood and signs of infection in your urine.
- Stool sample.
What medications can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome?
Cisplatin, one of the most frequently used antineoplastic drugs, also induces HUS. Cyclosporin causes HUS, probably due to endothelial damage and/or an inhibition of prostacyclin synthesis. A case of FK506 induced HUS has been recently reported. Quinine and Cocaine also can induce HUS.
What type of E. coli causes hemolytic-uremic syndrome?
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) often occurs after a gastrointestinal infection with E coli bacteria (Escherichia coli O157:H7).
Why does hemolysis cause renal failure?
It is well known that acute haemolysis is a cause of acute renal failure due to tubular damage caused by pigments being deposited in the proximal tubule.