How does streptococcal infection cause autoimmune disease?
Poststreptococcal disorder is a group of autoimmune disorders that occur after an infection with the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A Streptococcus (GAS). An autoimmune disorder occurs when your immune system mistakes your healthy cells as foreign and begins to attack them.
Which disease is considered an autoimmune complication of a streptococcal infection?
Rheumatic fever is a complex disease that affects the joints, skin, heart, blood vessels, and brain. It occurs mainly in children between the ages of 5 to 15. It is an autoimmune disease that may occur after an infection with strep (streptococcus) bacteria. Strep infections include strep throat and scarlet fever.
Can strep cause vasculitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes can cause different immune mediated syndromes including vasculitis and IgAV.
What type of autoimmune disease is rheumatic fever?
Rheumatic fever is classed as an autoimmune disease because the inflammation is probably caused by the immune system’s reaction to the bacteria. While rheumatic fever can develop at any age, children between five and 14 years are at increased risk.
Can strep cause long term damage?
If untreated, strep throat can cause complications, such as kidney inflammation or rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever can lead to painful and inflamed joints, a specific type of rash, or heart valve damage.
How is Sydenham chorea diagnosis?
A diagnosis of Sydenham chorea is made based upon identification of new onset choreic movements, a detailed patient history, and a thorough clinical evaluation.
How is IgA vasculitis diagnosed?
Your health care professional may obtain a skin biopsy to test for antibody deposits on your skin and confirm a diagnosis of IgA vasculitis. To do a skin biopsy, the health care professional removes skin cells from your body to examine under a microscope.
What does vasculitis of the legs look like?
Common vasculitis skin lesions are: red or purple dots (petechiae), usually most numerous on the legs. larger spots, about the size of the end of a finger (purpura), some of which look like large bruises. Less common vasculitis lesions are hives, an itchy lumpy rash and painful or tender lumps.
Is strep B an autoimmune disease?
Since the body’s own immune system does the damage, GBS is called an autoimmune disease (“auto” meaning “self”).
When does strep go to brain?
Researchers named the condition PANDAS, or Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections. According to the NIMH, it occurs when the strep bacteria cause cross-reactive “anti-brain” antibodies to target the basal ganglia, thus provoking neuropsychiatric symptoms.
How does Group A streptococcus cause autoimmune disease?
Group A Streptococcus can induce autoimmune disease in humans with particular involvement of the heart, joints, and brain. The spectrum of post-streptococcal disease of the central nervous system (CNS) has been widened recently and includes movement disorders (chorea, tics, dystonia, and Parkinsonis …
What is poststreptococcal autoimmune disease?
An autoimmune disorder occurs when your immune system mistakes your healthy cells as foreign and begins to attack them. In poststreptococcal disorders, the antibodies that your immune system created to fight against GAS mistakenly start destroying your healthy cells usually after they have cleared the bacteria.
What is immune complex-mediated small vessel vasculitis?
Immune complex-mediated small vessel vasculitis can be seen in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, Erythema elevatum diutinum, and cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis, formerly known as hypersensitivity vasculitis.
What causes post-infectious leukocytoclastic vasculitis?
Post-infectious leukocytoclastic vasculitis is most commonly seen after streptococcal upper respiratory tract infection. Other infectious triggers include, but are not limited to, Mycobacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydia, Neisseria, and HIV.