What is human adenovirus type 5?
Human species C adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is the most common viral vector used in clinical studies worldwide. Ad5 vectors infect liver cells in vivo with high efficiency via a poorly defined mechanism, which involves virus binding to vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation factors.
What is adenovirus type 5 DNA?
Biology of Wild Type Human Adenovirus (type 5) Wild-type adenoviruses, including human adenovirus type 5, are associated with a number of mild disorders, such as respiratory infections in the elderly or children. The entire adenovirus genome is a linear, double-stranded DNA of approximately 36Kb.
What type of genome does adenovirus have?
The adenovirus genome is a single linear molecule of double-stranded DNA (26 163–48 395bp) containing an inverted terminal repeat (ITR) of 30–371bp at its termini, with the 5′ ends of each DNA strand linked covalently to a virus-coded terminal protein (TP).
How many adenovirus serotypes are there?
Human adenoviruses are a family of >60 serotypes divided into seven subgroups or species (A through G). They have a double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 35 kb surrounded by a nonenveloped icosahedron with fiber-like projections from each of the 12 vertices.
Is human adenovirus 5 a tumor virus?
Introduction. Papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses and adenoviruses are collectively categorized as the small DNA tumour viruses based on their small double-stranded DNA genome sizes and their ability to induce cancer in either experimental systems or real-world contexts.
Is adenovirus double-stranded DNA?
Extracted adenovirus-associated virus DNA is known to be double-stranded, and, therefore, it has been assumed that these virus particles contain a double-stranded genome. Recent findings, however, have suggested that the DNA in virus particles is equivalent to only half the molecular weight of extracted molecules.
Does adenovirus integration into genome?
While generally referred to as “non-integrating” vectors, adenovirus vectors have the potential to integrate into host DNA via random, illegitimate (nonhomologous) recombination.
What is human adenovirus?
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are non-enveloped viruses and have a linear, unsegmented double-stranded DNA as a genome. 172. Adenovirus infections are widespread and highly infectious, most commonly affecting the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system.
How does adenovirus replicate in human cells?
Replication. Adenoviruses possess a linear dsDNA genome and are able to replicate in the nucleus of vertebrate cells using the host’s replication machinery. Entry of adenoviruses into the host cell involves two sets of interactions between the virus and the host cell. Most of the action occurs at the vertices.
Is adenovirus genetic?
Adenovirus genomes are linear, non-segmented double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules that are typically 26-46 Kbp long, containing 23-46 protein-coding genes. The example used for the following description is Human adenovirus E, a mastadenovirus with a 36 Kbp genome containing 38 protein-coding genes.